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This document specifies a method for the determination of the dissolved residual matter, also known as evaporation residue, in liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), by gas chromatography in the range of (10 to 600) mg/kg (ppm mass).

This test method quantifies soluble organic compounds (hydrocarbon materials), sometimes called ‘evaporation residue’, which can be present in liquefied petroleum gases and which are substantially less volatile than the LPG product, i.e. with a boiling point between 174 °C and 522 °C (C10 to C40). Higher boiling materials, or materials that adhere permanently to the chromatographic column, will not be detected.

This document specifies the application of phased array technology for the semi- or fully automated ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in steel parts with thickness values between 3,2 mm and 8,0 mm. This meets the typical range of tube wall thickness values in boilers, which is an important application of this testing technology. The minimum and maximum value of the wall thickness range can be exceeded, when testing level "D" of this document is applied. This document applies to full penetration welded joints of simple geometry in plates, tubes, pipes, and vessels, where both the weld and parent material are low-alloy and/or fine grained steel. NOTE "Semi-automated testing" encompasses a controlled movement of one or more probes on the surface of a component along a fixture (guidance strip, ruler, etc.), whereby the probe position is unambiguously measured with a position sensor. The probe is moved manually. "Fully automated testing" includes mechanized propulsion in addition. Where material-dependent ultrasonic parameters are specified in this document, they are based on steels having a sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves, and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. It is necessary to take this fact into account when testing materials with a different velocity. This document provides guidance on the specific capabilities and limitations of phased array technology for the detection, location, sizing and characterization of discontinuities in fusion-welded joints. Ultrasonic phased array technology can be used as a stand-alone technique or in combination with other non-destructive testing (NDT) methods or techniques, during manufacturing and testing of new welds/repair welds (pre-service testing). This document specifies two testing levels: — level "C" for standard situations; — level "D" for different situations/special applications. This document describes assessment of discontinuities for acceptance purposes based on: — height and length; — amplitude (equivalent reflector size) and length; — go/no-go decision. This document does not include acceptance levels for discontinuities.

ISO 16845-1:2016 specifies the conformance test plan for the CAN data link layer and the physical signalling as standardized in ISO 11898‑1. This includes the Classical CAN protocols as well as the CAN FD protocols.

ISO 8224-1:2002 specifies the operational characteristics of, and laboratory and field test methods for, traveller irrigation machines. It includes user-oriented technical information for presentation in the manufacturer's accompanying product literature, laboratory test procedures for evaluating the uniformity of water application on an irrigated strip by a machine operating within a specified range of conditions and for determining the maximum travelling rates the drive mechanism is able to achieve in response to specified operating conditions, and field test procedures for determining the uniformity of water application on a given irrigated strip under local conditions prevailing in the field at time of testing. It is applicable only to traveller irrigation machine types, and not to other types such as centre-pivot or lateral irrigation machines.

This document specifies the evaluation of natural language processing systems, in the sense of measuring the quality of a system’s results to assess its functional suitability. It provides a definition of evaluation methods for those systems, together with guidance on how to select, implement and interpret those evaluation methods. This document covers quantitative metrics as well as other evaluation methods. It includes requirements on the implementation of the described metrics, and further requirements on the technical resources involved in the evaluation process.

This document specifies general requirements for the materials, design, construction and installation of the metallic components of refrigerated liquefied gas tank systems. This document deals with the design and manufacture of site built, vertical, cylindrical, flat-bottomed tank systems for the storage of refrigerated, liquefied gases with operating temperatures between 0 °C and -196 °C.

This document specifies a so-called acid dew and fog test (ADF test) as an accelerated laboratory test method for simulating, by the use of artificial acidic precipitation, the damaging effects of acidic atmospheric precipitation in association with UV radiation, neutral condensed precipitation, and changing temperature and humidity. This test method is intended to be used in evaluating, on the basis of relative performance rankings, the suitability of painted materials for use in outdoor environments with acidic precipitation. It is not intended to generate the same extent of damage or the same damage pattern as in outdoor weathering, but rather to give a ranking which is similar to that which would be obtained in outdoor weathering. The method produces damage which is more homogeneous, allows fewer specimens to be exposed (and hence more rapid testing) and enables evaluation of the exposed specimens to be carried out using methods which are more objective than visual assessment.

WARNING The electronic file of this document contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of the document. Users should therefore consider printing this document using a colour printer.

This document specifies a method for determining the film hardness by pushing pencils of known hardness over the film.

The test can be performed on a single coating of a paint, varnish or related product, or on the upper layer of a multi-coat system.

This rapid test has not been found to be useful in comparing the pencil hardness of different coatings. It is more useful in providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhibiting significant differences in pencil hardness.

The method is applicable only to smooth surfaces.

This document establishes general principles for the execution of soil treatment by deep vibration.

The following types of treatment are covered by this document:

- deep vibratory compaction to densify the ground as mentioned in EN 1997 3:2025, Annex I, Table I.1;

- vibrated columns formed by inserted granular material laterally/radially compacted against the surrounding ground to form a stiff composite column-soil structure (vibrated compacted granular columns) as mentioned in EN 1997 3:2025, Annex I, Table I.2;

- vibrated columns formed by inserted material developing unconfined compressive strength comprising a composite of binder and granular material (rigid columns) as mentioned in EN 1997 3:2025, Annex I, Table I.2.

The following treatment methods are covered by this document:

- methods in which depth vibrators, containing oscillating weights which cause horizontal vibrations, are inserted into the ground;

- methods in which compaction probes are inserted into the ground using a vibrator, which remains above ground surface, and which oscillates in a vertical mode.

Treatment methods are outlined in Annexes A, B, C and D.

The following treatment methods, among others, are not included in this document:

- dynamic compaction, dynamic replacement and other methods in which some form of treatment is applied to the ground surface;

- uncompacted granular columns primarily used as drains;

- explosive compaction.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for a biocompatible and bio-inert ceramic bone-substitute material based on yttriastabilized tetragonal zirconia (yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal, Y-TZP) for use as a material for surgical implants.

This document specifies a method for the determination of mercury in digests of soil, treated biowaste, sludge and waste, obtained according to EN 16173 (nitric acid digestion), EN ISO 54321 (aqua regia digestion) or EN 13656 (digestion with a hydrochloric (HCl), nitic (HNO3) and tetrafluoroboric (HBF4) or hydrofluoric (HF) acid mixture) with using cold-vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). The lower working range limit is at least 0,03 mg/kg (dry matter basis) depending on digestion parameters. 

This document specifies a method for the determination of mercury in digests of soil, treated biowaste, sudge and waste, obtained according to EN 16173 (nitric acid digestion) or EN ISO 54321 (aqua regia digestion) with using cold-vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CV-AFS). The lower working range limit is at least 0,003 mg/kg (dry matter basis) depending on digestion parameters.

This document specifies minimum requirements of performance characteristics for the detection and quantification of nucleic acid sequences (DNA or RNA) by PCR-based assays.

The PCR-based assays specified in this document do not include culturing and nucleic acid extraction stages.

NOTE ISO 22174:2024 [5], clause 13, states that this document specifies the performance characteristics for PCR-based methods. To differentiate from complete methods, which are evaluated according to validation standards such as the ISO 16140 series, the term "PCR-based assay" is used in this document.

This document applies to the detection and/or quantification of nucleic acids of microorganisms (bacteria, yeasts, moulds, viruses and protozoan parasites) associated with:

products intended for human consumption;

products for feeding animals;

environmental samples in the area of food and feed production and handling;

samples from the primary production stage.

This document, or parts of it, is also applicable to other fields of PCR diagnostics based on a case-by-case evaluation.

This document does not apply to sequencing methods or isothermal amplification method

This document specifies a method for the determination of the dissolved residual matter, also known as evaporation residue, in liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), by gas chromatography in the range of (10 to 600) mg/kg (ppm mass).

This test method quantifies soluble organic compounds (hydrocarbon materials), sometimes called ‘evaporation residue’, which can be present in liquefied petroleum gases and which are substantially less volatile than the LPG product, i.e. with a boiling point between 174 °C and 522 °C (C10 to C40). Higher boiling materials, or materials that adhere permanently to the chromatographic column, will not be detected.

This document specifies materials and the general aspects of polyethylene (PE) pressure piping systems (mains and service pipes) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of:

water intended for human consumption,

raw water prior to treatment,

drains and sewers under pressure,

vacuum sewer systems,

water for irrigation,

water for other purposes, with the exception of industrial applications.

The intended use includes sea outfalls, laid in water and pipes suspended below bridges.

NOTE 1:

Attention is drawn to Clause 6 of this document for PE components for the conveyance of water intended for human consumption and raw water prior to treatment. Components manufactured for water for other purposes, drains and sewers, and vacuum sewer systems are possibly not suitable for water supply for human consumption.

PE pipe systems for industrial applications and irrigation with limited pressure exposure are not covered by this document.

NOTE 2:

Industrial application is covered by ISO 15494, irrigation with limited pressure exposure is covered by ISO 8779 (Ed3).

This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document.

In conjunction with ISO/DIS 4427-2, ISO/DIS 4427-3 and ISO/DIS 4427-5, this document is applicable to PE pipes and fittings, their joints and to joints with components made of PE and other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions:

a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (3.3.2) (PFA) up to and including 25 bar;

b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference design temperature (3.3.3).

For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to and including 50 °C, see Annex A.

The ISO 4427 series covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours.

It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national guidance or regulations and installation practices or codes.

This document specifies test procedures for the acquisition and presentation of multipoint data which demonstrate the behaviour of plastics under the following environments:

—   prolonged exposure to heat;

—   liquid chemicals;

—   environmental stress cracking under a constant tensile stress;

—   artificial weathering. The tests are listed in order of increasing severity of the environment. By testing under the least severe environments first, it is possible to make informed judgements regarding whether tests under more severe conditions are worthwhile.

This document defines terms relating to the classification of road vehicle collisions, concentrating on

configuration aspects.

This document focuses on terminology for classification of vehicle-vehicle collisions and vehicle-obstacle

collisions and does not include collisions with vulnerable road users.

NOTE Additional terms and definitions on road vehicle accidents are given in ISO 12353-1.

This document specifies an engineering method for calculating the attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors in order to predict the levels of environmental noise at a distance from a variety of sources. The method predicts the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (as described in ISO 1996-series) under meteorological conditions favourable to propagation from sources of known sound emission.

These conditions are for downwind propagation or, equivalently, propagation under a well-developed moderate ground‑based temperature inversion, such as commonly occurs in clear, calm nights. Inversion conditions over extended water surfaces are not covered and may result in higher sound pressure levels than predicted from this document (see e.g. References [11] and [12]).

The method also predicts a long-term average A‑weighted sound pressure level as specified in ISO 1996-1 and ISO 1996-2. The long-term average A‑weighted sound pressure level encompasses levels for a wide variety of meteorological conditions.

Guidance has been provided to derive a meteorological correction based on the angular wind distribution relevant for the reference or long-term time interval as specified in ISO 1996-1:2016, 3.2.1 and 3.2.2. Examples for reference time intervals are day, night, or the hour of the night with the largest value of the sound pressure level. Long-term time intervals over which the sound of a series of reference time intervals is averaged or assessed representing a significant fraction of a year (e.g. 3 months, 6 months or 1 year).

The method specified in this document consists specifically of octave band algorithms (with nominal mid-band frequencies from 63 Hz to 8 kHz) for calculating the attenuation of sound which originates from a point sound source, or an assembly of point sources. The source (or sources) may be moving or stationary. Specific terms are provided in the algorithms for the following physical effects:

—    geometrical divergence;

—    atmospheric absorption;

—    ground effect;

—    reflection from surfaces;

—    screening by obstacles.

Additional information concerning propagation through foliage, industrial sites and housing is given in Annex A. The directivity of chimney-stacks to support the sound predictions for industrial sites has been included with Annex B. An example how the far-distance meteorological correction C0 can be determined from the local wind-climatology is given in Annex C. Experiences of the last decades how to predict the sound pressure levels caused by wind turbines is summarized in Annex D.

The method is applicable in practice to a great variety of noise sources and environments. It is applicable, directly, or indirectly, to most situations concerning road or rail traffic, industrial noise sources, construction activities, and many other ground-based noise sources. It does not apply to sound from aircraft in flight, or to blast waves from mining, military, or similar operations.

To apply the method of this document, several parameters need to be known with respect to the geometry of the source and of the environment, the ground surface characteristics, and the source strength in terms of octave band sound power levels for directions relevant to the propagation.

If only A‑weighted sound power levels of the sources are known, the attenuation terms for 500 Hz may be used to estimate the resulting attenuation.

The accuracy of the method and the limitations to its use in practice are described in Clause 9.

This document specifies an engineering method for calculating the attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors in order to predict the levels of environmental noise at a distance from a variety of sources. The method predicts the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (as described in ISO 1996-series) under meteorological conditions favourable to propagation from sources of known sound emission.

These conditions are for downwind propagation or, equivalently, propagation under a well-developed moderate ground‑based temperature inversion, such as commonly occurs in clear, calm nights. Inversion conditions over extended water surfaces are not covered and may result in higher sound pressure levels than predicted from this document (see e.g. References [11] and [12]).

The method also predicts a long-term average A‑weighted sound pressure level as specified in ISO 1996-1 and ISO 1996-2. The long-term average A‑weighted sound pressure level encompasses levels for a wide variety of meteorological conditions.

Guidance has been provided to derive a meteorological correction based on the angular wind distribution relevant for the reference or long-term time interval as specified in ISO 1996-1:2016, 3.2.1 and 3.2.2. Examples for reference time intervals are day, night, or the hour of the night with the largest value of the sound pressure level. Long-term time intervals over which the sound of a series of reference time intervals is averaged or assessed representing a significant fraction of a year (e.g. 3 months, 6 months or 1 year).

The method specified in this document consists specifically of octave band algorithms (with nominal mid-band frequencies from 63 Hz to 8 kHz) for calculating the attenuation of sound which originates from a point sound source, or an assembly of point sources. The source (or sources) may be moving or stationary. Specific terms are provided in the algorithms for the following physical effects:

—    geometrical divergence;

—    atmospheric absorption;

—    ground effect;

—    reflection from surfaces;

—    screening by obstacles.

Additional information concerning propagation through foliage, industrial sites and housing is given in Annex A. The directivity of chimney-stacks to support the sound predictions for industrial sites has been included with Annex B. An example how the far-distance meteorological correction C0 can be determined from the local wind-climatology is given in Annex C. Experiences of the last decades how to predict the sound pressure levels caused by wind turbines is summarized in Annex D.

The method is applicable in practice to a great variety of noise sources and environments. It is applicable, directly, or indirectly, to most situations concerning road or rail traffic, industrial noise sources, construction activities, and many other ground-based noise sources. It does not apply to sound from aircraft in flight, or to blast waves from mining, military, or similar operations.

To apply the method of this document, several parameters need to be known with respect to the geometry of the source and of the environment, the ground surface characteristics, and the source strength in terms of octave band sound power levels for directions relevant to the propagation.

If only A‑weighted sound power levels of the sources are known, the attenuation terms for 500 Hz may be used to estimate the resulting attenuation.

The accuracy of the method and the limitations to its use in practice are described in Clause 9.

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