Produktionsteknik

This document describes a field method for measuring the surface profile produced by any of the abrasive blast-cleaning procedures given in ISO 8504-2:2019. The method uses replica tape and a suitable gauge for measuring the roughness of a surface before the application of paint or another protective coating.

The method is applicable within the range of profile heights cited for a given grade (or thickness) of replica tape. The commercial grades currently available permit measurement of average peak-to-valley profiles of 12 µm to 150 µm. The method is valid for surfaces that have been cleaned with abrasives.

This document specifies a field method for the assessment of the surface density of various water-soluble salts on steel surfaces, before and/or after surface preparation, by conductometric determination. The individual surface densities of the salt composition like chlorides, sulphates, sodium, etc, cannot be determined by this method. This method assesses only contaminants that forms an electrolyte (ions) when in contact with water. These represent the greater part of the contaminants.

This document specifies a method of extracting, for analysis, acid soluble contaminants from a surface by use of flexible cells in the form of adhesive patches or sleeves which can be attached to any surface, regardless of its shape (flat or curved) and its orientation (facing in any direction, including downwards). The described method is suitable for use in the field to determine the presence of acid soluble contaminants before painting or a similar treatment. This document does not cover the subsequent analysis of the contaminants that have been dissolved off. Methods of analysis suitable for field use are described in other parts of ISO 8502 such as ISO 8502-5. This document is similar in procedure to, but not equal to, ISO 8502-6. The main difference is the solvent used and the subsequent analysis that can be performed on the extraction solution.

This document specifies techniques for the manual ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials of thickness ≥8 mm which exhibit low ultrasonic attenuation (especially that due to scatter) at object temperatures from 0 °C to 60 °C. It is primarily intended for use on full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent material are ferritic. Where material-dependent ultrasonic values are specified in this document, they are based on steels having an ultrasonic sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. This document specifies four testing levels, each corresponding to a different probability of detection of imperfections. Guidance on the selection of testing levels A, B, and C is given in Annex A. This document specifies that the requirements of testing level D, which is intended for special applications, be in accordance with general requirements. Testing level D can only be used when defined by specification. This includes tests of metals other than ferritic steel, tests on partial penetration welds, tests with automated equipment, and tests at object temperatures outside the range 0 °C to 60 °C. This document can be used for the assessment of discontinuities, for acceptance purposes, by either of the following techniques: a) evaluation based primarily on length and echo amplitude of the discontinuity; b) evaluation based on characterization and sizing of the discontinuity by probe movement techniques.

This document specifies two ultrasonic acceptance levels known as acceptance level 2 (AL 2) and acceptance level 3 (AL 3) for full penetration welded joints in ferritic steels, in accordance with the quality levels of ISO 5817.

These acceptance levels are applicable to testing carried out in accordance with ISO 17640.

This document applies to the testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials with low sound attenuation (especially that due to scatter) with thicknesses from 8 mm to 100 mm. It is primarily intended for use on full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent materials are ferritic. It can also be used for other types of welds, materials and thicknesses, provided the tests have been performed with necessary consideration of the geometry and acoustic properties of the component, and an adequate sensitivity can be employed to enable the acceptance levels of this document to be applied.

The nominal frequency of probes used in this document is between 2 MHz and 5 MHz, unless attenuation or requirements for higher resolution call for other frequencies. It is important to consider the use of these acceptance levels in conjunction with frequencies outside this range carefully.

This document specifies the application of phased array technology for the semi- or fully automated ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in steel parts with thickness values between 3,2 mm and 8,0 mm. This meets the typical range of tube wall thickness values in boilers, which is an important application of this testing technology. The minimum and maximum value of the wall thickness range can be exceeded, when testing level "D" of this document is applied. This document applies to full penetration welded joints of simple geometry in plates, tubes, pipes, and vessels, where both the weld and parent material are low-alloy and/or fine grained steel. NOTE "Semi-automated testing" encompasses a controlled movement of one or more probes on the surface of a component along a fixture (guidance strip, ruler, etc.), whereby the probe position is unambiguously measured with a position sensor. The probe is moved manually. "Fully automated testing" includes mechanized propulsion in addition. Where material-dependent ultrasonic parameters are specified in this document, they are based on steels having a sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves, and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. It is necessary to take this fact into account when testing materials with a different velocity. This document provides guidance on the specific capabilities and limitations of phased array technology for the detection, location, sizing and characterization of discontinuities in fusion-welded joints. Ultrasonic phased array technology can be used as a stand-alone technique or in combination with other non-destructive testing (NDT) methods or techniques, during manufacturing and testing of new welds/repair welds (pre-service testing). This document specifies two testing levels: — level "C" for standard situations; — level "D" for different situations/special applications. This document describes assessment of discontinuities for acceptance purposes based on: — height and length; — amplitude (equivalent reflector size) and length; — go/no-go decision. This document does not include acceptance levels for discontinuities.

This document specifies how to characterize indications from discontinuities by classifying them as originating from planar or non-planar embedded discontinuities.

This procedure is also suitable for indications from discontinuities that break the surface after removal of the weld reinforcement.

This document specifies the dimensions (in millimetres), nominal initial forces and types of gas springs.

It is applicable to gas springs with increased spring force and compact built height of type 1 700 to 200 000, pressurized with nitrogen with a nominal initial force of between 1 700 N (with a tolerance of ±5 %) and 200 000 N (with a tolerance of ±5 %), for use in press tools.

It also specifies marking, technical delivery conditions and designation.

NOTE      Specifications of mounting accessories for gas springs are given in ISO 11901‑2.

This document specifies the dimensions, the method of sampling, the preparation of the test specimens and the conditions for performing the tensile test in order to determine the short-term tensile welding factor. A tensile test can be used in conjunction with other tests (e.g. bend, tensile creep, macro) to assess the performance of welded assemblies, made from thermoplastics materials. The test is applicable to welded semi-finished products made from thermoplastics materials filled or unfilled, but not reinforced, irrespective of the welding process used.

This document specifies the dimensions, the method of sampling, the preparation of the test specimens and the conditions for performing the tensile creep test perpendicular to the weld in order to determine the long-term tensile welding factor.

A tensile creep test may be used in conjunction with other tests (e.g. bend test, tensile test, macrographic examination, …) to assess the performance of welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials.

The test is applicable to welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials, filled or unfilled such as tubes and fittings, sheets, plates and profiles, but not reinforced, irrespective of the welding process used.