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This document specifies a method for tensile testing of test pieces of foil and strip of metals with a nominal thickness less than 0,200 mm by using computer-controlled testing machines. The used test pieces according to this document are rectangular (parallel sided strips) and are prepared by cutting. This method is used to determine typically the proof strength, Rp0,2, the tensile strength, Rm, the percentage plastic extension at fracture, Ax mm, (using the automatic determination by the machine) or the (plastic) elongation after fracture, Ax mm, (by manual determination). NOTE 1 The use of a computer-controlled tensile testing machine is important to apply parameters and fulfil several procedures. NOTE 2 EN ISO 6892 1:2019 Annex B specifies test pieces (shape, dimensions, preparation, determination of the original cross-sectional area) for thin products flats between 0,1 mm and 3 mm thickness. EN ISO 6892 1:2019 Clause B.1 specifies requirements for products of less than 0,5 mm thickness, which can require special precautions. NOTE 3 This document and EN ISO 6892 1:2019 Annex B both apply to products of thickness between 0,1 mm and 0,2 mm. For further information, see Clause 5.

1.1 Scope of EN 1998-1-1

(1) This document is applicable to the design and verification of buildings and other structures for earthquake resistance. It gives general rules relevant to all types of structures, except for structures belonging to consequence classes CC0 or CC4.

NOTE For further details on consequence class CC4, see 4.2.

(2) This document provides basic performance requirements and compliance criteria applicable to buildings and other structures for earthquake resistance.

(3) This document gives rules for the representation of seismic actions and the description of the design seismic situations. NOTE Certain types of structures, dealt with in other parts of Eurocode 8, need supplementary rules which are given in those relevant Parts.

(4) This document contains general methods for structural analysis and verification under seismic actions, including base-isolated structures and structures with distributed dissipative systems.

(5) This document contains rules for modelling and verification of ultimate strengths and deformations.

1.2 Assumptions

(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document.

(2) It is assumed that no change in the structure and in the masses carried by the structure takes place during the construction phase or during the subsequent life of the structure with respect to the design unless proper justification and verification is provided. This applies also to ancillary elements (see 3.1.2). Due to the specific nature of seismic response, this applies even in the case of changes that lead to an increase of the structural resistance.

(3) The design documents are assumed to indicate the geometry, the detailing, and the properties of the materials of all structural members. If appropriate, the design documents are also assumed to include the properties of special devices to be used and the distances between structural and ancillary elements. The necessary quality control provisions are assumed to be specified.

(4) Members of special structural importance requiring special checking during construction are assumed to be identified in the design documents and the verification methods to be used are assumed to be specified.

4(5) It is assumed that in the case of high seismic action class (4.1.1(4)), formal quality system plans, covering design, construction, and use, additional to the control procedures prescribed in the other relevant Eurocodes, are specified.

EN 1998-2 is intended to be applied to the design of new bridges in seismic regions. It covers the design of reinforced concrete, steel and composite steel-concrete bridges and provides guidance for the design of timber bridges. EN 1998-2 is applicable to the seismic design of bridges exploiting ductility in structural members or through the use of antiseismic devices. When ductility is exploited, this part primarily covers bridges in which the horizontal seismic actions are mainly resisted through bending of the piers or at the abutments; i.e. of bridges composed of vertical or nearly vertical pier systems supporting the traffic deck superstructure. It is also applicable to the seismic design of arched bridges, although its provisions should not be considered as fully covering these cases. Suspension bridges and masonry bridges, moveable bridges and floating bridges are not included in the scope of EN 1998-2.

1.1 Scope of EN 1998-5

(1) This document establishes general principles for the design and assessment of geotechnical systems in seismic regions. It gives general rules relevant to all families of geotechnical structures, to the design of foundations, retaining structures and underground structures and complements EN 1997-3 for the seismic design situation.

(2) This document contains the basic performance requirements and compliance criteria applicable to geotechnical structures and geotechnical systems in seismic regions.

(3) This document refers to the rules for the representation of seismic actions and the description of the seismic design situations defined in EN 1998-1-1 and provides specific definition of the seismic action applicable to geotechnical structures.

1.2 Assumptions

(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document.

This document specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing to verify the integrity of cylinders and tubes to be re-introduced into service for a further period of time. This document is applicable to seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy transportable gas cylinders (single or those that comprise a bundle) intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to 150 l and to seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy transportable gas tubes (single or those that comprise a bundle) intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity greater than 150 l. It also applies, as far as practical, to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity. This document does not apply to the periodic inspection and maintenance of acetylene cylinders or to the periodic inspection and testing of composite cylinders. NOTE Unless noted by exception, the use of the word "cylinder" in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

This document specifies requirements for testing of products manufactured from vitrified clay and other materials specified in the following standards: - pipes, fittings and joints according to EN 295-1; - adaptors, connectors and flexible couplings according to EN 295-4; - perforated pipes and fittings according to EN 295-5; - components of manholes and inspection chambers according to EN 295 6; - pipes and joints for pipe jacking according to EN 295-7.