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This document is applicable to manually operated end cocks designed to cut-off the brake pipe and the main reservoir pipe of the air brake and compressed air system of rail vehicles; without taking the type of vehicles and track-gauge into consideration. This document specifies requirements for the design, dimensions, testing and certification (qualification and/or type test), and marking.

This document establishes general principles for the execution, testing and monitoring of Artificial Ground Freezing (AGF) works.

AGF is the process of changing the water in the ground from liquid to solid state in a controlled way by artificial means.

This document is applicable to:

— civil works (tunnels, shafts, retaining walls, plugs, underpinning …)

— environmental works (remediation, cut-off walls, …).

This document does not apply to:

— permafrost

— seasonal frost

— mining applications.

This document specifies the safety requirements and test methods for slings and wraps which are designed to carry one or two children in one or more positions and secured to the carer's torso to allow for hands free operation when standing and/or walking.

If the sling or wrap has functions not covered in this document, reference can be made to the relevant European Standard.

This document does not cover garment or apparel carriers.

This document does not cover baby carriers designed for children with special needs. 

(1) EN 1991-1-1 gives rules on the following aspects related to actions, which are relevant to the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works including some geotechnical aspects:

- specific weight of construction materials and stored materials;

- self-weight of construction works;

- imposed loads for buildings.

(2) Mean values for specific weight of specific construction materials, additional materials for bridges, stored materials and products are given. In addition, for specific materials and products the angle of repose is provided.

(3) Methods for the assessment of the characteristic values of self-weight of construction works are given.

(4) Characteristic values of imposed loads are given for the following areas in buildings according to the category of use:

- residential, social, commercial and administration areas;

- areas for archive, storage and industrial activities;

- garage and vehicle traffic areas (excluding bridges);

- roofs; - stairs and landings;

- terraces and balconies.

NOTE The loads on traffic areas given in this standard refer to vehicles up to a gross vehicle weight of 160 kN. Further information can be obtained from EN 1991-2.

(5) Characteristic values of horizontal imposed loads on parapets and partition walls acting as barriers are provided.

NOTE Forces due to vehicle impact are specified in EN 1991-1-7 and EN 1991-2. 1.2

Assumptions

(1) The general assumptions of EN 1990 apply.

(2) EN 1991-1-1 is intended to be used with EN 1990, the other parts of EN 1991 and the other Eurocode parts for the design of structures.

1.1 Scope of EN 1991-1-3

(1) EN 1991-1-3 gives principles and rules to determine the values of loads due to snow to be used for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works.

(2) This document does not apply to sites at altitudes above 1 500 m, unless otherwise specified.

NOTE For rules for the treatment of snow loads for altitudes above 1 500 m, see 6.1.

(3) This document does not give guidance on specialist aspects of snow loading, for example:

- impact snow loads resulting from snow sliding off or falling from a higher roof;

- changes in shape or size of the construction works due to the presence of snow or the accretion of ice which could affect the wind action;

- loads in areas where snow is present all year round;

- lateral loading due to snow creep (e.g. lateral loads exerted by drifts);

- loads due to artificial snow.

1.2 Assumptions

The assumptions given in EN 1990:2023, 1.2 apply.

1.1 Scope of EN 1991-1-5

(1) EN 1991-1-5 gives principles and rules for calculating thermal actions on buildings, bridges and other structures including their structural members. Principles needed for cladding and other attachments of buildings are also provided.

(2) This document describes the changes in the temperature of structural members. Characteristic values of thermal actions are presented for use in the design of structures which are exposed to daily and seasonal climatic changes.

(3) This document also gives principles for changes in the temperature of structural members due to the paving of hot asphalt on bridge decks.

(4) This document also provides principles and rules for thermal actions acting in structures which are mainly a function of their use (e.g. cooling towers, silos, tanks, warm and cold storage facilities, hot and cold services, etc.).

NOTE Supplementary guidance for thermal actions on chimneys is provided in EN 13084-1.

1.2 Assumptions

(1) The assumptions given in EN 1990:2023, 1.2 apply.

(2) EN 1991 1 5 is intended to be used with EN 1990, the other parts of EN 1991 and EN 1992 (all parts) to EN 1999 (all parts) for the design of structures.

(1) EN 1991-1-7 provides actions and rules for safeguarding buildings and civil engineering works against identifiable accidental actions.

NOTE 1 Identifiable accidental actions include impact from vehicles and internal explosions.

NOTE 2 Rules on impact from vehicles travelling on a bridge deck are given in EN 1991-2.

(2) EN 1991-1-7 also covers: actions and rules for tying systems and key members; information on risk assessment; dynamic design for impact; actions for internal explosions; actions from debris.

(3) Actions from ship operations such as berthing and mooring are outside the scope of this document.

(4) Actions due to high explosives that detonate are outside the scope of this document.

1.1 Scope of EN 1991-1-9

(1) EN 1991 1 9 gives principles and rules to determine the values of loads due to atmospheric icing to be used for following types of structures:

- masts;

- towers;

- antennas and antenna structures;

- cables, stays, guy ropes and similar structures;

- rope ways (cable railways);

- structures for ski-lifts;

- buildings or parts of them exposed to potential icing;

- special types of structures, such as towers for transmission lines and wind turbines.

NOTE Atmospheric icing on electrical overhead lines is covered by EN 50341-1.

(2) EN 1991-1-9 specifies values for:

- dimensions and weight of accreted ice;

- shapes of accreted ice. (3) EN 1991-1-9 covers types of icing, ice loads acting on structures, and falling ice considerations.

NOTE For wind actions on iced structures, see EN 1991-1-4.

1.2 Assumptions

The assumptions given in EN 1990:2023, 1.2 apply. EN 1991-1-9 is intended to be used with EN 1990 (all parts), the other parts of EN 1991 and EN 1992 (all parts) to EN 1999 (all parts) for the design of structures.

This document provides users with a basic understanding of the general minimum requirements for the available certificates, knowledge, skill level and competencies for persons operational in the field of inspection of paint, coatings, varnishes and related products on various substrates where the proper application and inspection is fundamental for the life expectancy of the paint and coating system, conformity to specifications and safety.

This document specifies safety requirements for hand-held non-electric power tools intended for installation of a fastener, (hereinafter referred to as “fastener driving tools”) forming a mechanical connection or attachment with the workpiece. This document is applicable to fastener driving tools that are powered by compressed air or combustible gases (which may be ignited by a battery or accumulator) and where the energy is transmitted to an impacted element by an intermediary component that does not leave the device. NOTE These fastener driving tools are intended to be used by one operator and supported by the operator's hand or hands, with or without a suspension, e.g. a balancer. This document is applicable to fastener driving tools in which energy is applied to a loaded fastener for the purpose of driving this into a workpiece. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to fastener driving tools for fasteners when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, with the exception of the use of power tools in potentially explosive atmospheres. This document is not applicable to fastener driving tools in which the energy for driving fasteners is drawn from powder-actuated cartridges, hydraulics or from any type of electrical supply. This document does not deal with special requirements and modifications of hand-held power tools for the purpose of mounting them in a fixture. This document is not applicable to fastener driving tools or fastener driving tool components which are manufactured before the date of publication of the standard. NOTE ISO 80079–36 gives requirements for non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres.

This document specifies a method for the determination of cetane number of diesel fuels by air flow regulation in a standard test engine. This document is applicable to various types of diesel fuels, including vehicle diesel, bio-diesel, synthetic diesel, and similar unconventional products. The cetane number measurement range is from 0 CN to 100 CN, whereas a typical cetane number range of 25 CN to 70 CN. However, the precision for synthetic and unconventional diesel has not been established.

ISO 19377:2017 describes test methods for determining the deviation of the path travelled by a vehicle during a braking manoeuvre induced by an emergency braking system from a pre-defined desired path. The purpose of this document is the evaluation of the vehicle path during and following the system intervention. The corrective steering actions for keeping the vehicle on the desired path can be applied either by the driver or by a steering machine or by a driver assistance system. By making this document open for either open-loop or closed-loop testing, it is possible to apply the test method for evaluating how well the vehicle can be kept within user-defined lane markings after the system intervention, and also for evaluating the precision of the interaction between the emergency braking system and an active lane keeping system.

This document applies to heavy vehicles equipped with an advanced emergency braking system (AEBS), including commercial vehicles, commercial vehicle combinations, buses and articulated buses as defined in ISO 3833 (trucks and trailers with maximum weight above 3,5 tonnes and buses and articulated buses with maximum weight above 5 tonnes, according to ECE and EC vehicle classification, categories M3, N2, N3, O3 and O4).

NOTE The test method is intended to evaluate the entire vehicle behaviour, not for defining system requirements for the AEBS, which is done in the respective standards created by ISO/TC 204.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of the compressive strength of autoclaved aerated concrete.

This document specifies refinements for an application of EN ISO/IEC 27701 in a European context. This document is applicable to the same entities as is ISO/IEC 27701: all types and sizes of organizations, including public and private companies, government entities and not-for-profit organizations, which are PII controllers and/or PII processors. An organization can use this document for the implementation of the generic requirements and controls of EN ISO/IEC 27701 according to its context and its applicable obligations. Certification criteria based on these refinements can provide a certification model under ISO/IEC 17065 for processing operations performed within the scope of a privacy information management system according to EN ISO/IEC 27701, which can be combined with certification requirements for EN ISO/IEC 27701 under ISO/IEC 17021.

This document specifies the dimensions and requirements for sheathed, shielded differential pair (SDP), shielded twisted quad (STQ) and shielded multi-pair radio frequency (RF) cables for high speed data transmission with a specified analog bandwidth up to 4GHz (10 GHz) intended for use in road vehicle applications where the nominal system voltage is less than or equal to 30 V a.c. or less than or equal to 60 V d.c.

This document specifies a method for determining the dynamic surface tension of liquids based on the pressure in gas bubbles. The dynamic surface tension of solutions is influenced by surface-active molecules in the solution (often surfactants in water-based solutions). The surface tension is measured at a newly created interface depending on the age of this surface. This allows direct conclusions to be drawn about how quickly and strongly the surfactants in the solution reduce the surface tension of a new surface. The interface used to determine surface tension is renewed with each gas bubble. Due to the principle, very short measurement times in the millisecond range are possible, which makes the test method particularly suitable for surfactant-containing solutions of high concentration (significantly above the critical micelle concentration), e.g. in electroplating baths, cleaning baths, preferably low-viscosity Newtonian paints, inks. The sequence of air bubbles resulting from a gas volume flow enables continuous measurement without the sample having to flow through the measuring system. For the purpose of controlling surfactant concentration, surface tension is monitored at an appropriate, well-defined surface age.