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This document specifies a method for the determination of the viscosity number of dilute solutions of polyamides in certain specified solvents.

The method is applicable to the polyamides designated PA 46, PA 6, PA 66, PA 69, PA 610, PA 612, PA 11, PA 12, PA 6T/66, PA 6I/6T, PA 6T/6I/66, PA 6T/6I, PA 6I/6T/66 and PA MXD6 as defined in ISO 16396-1, as well as to co-polyamides, compounds of polyamides and other polyamides that are soluble in one of the specified solvents under the specified conditions.

The method is not applicable to polyamides produced by anionic polymerization of lactams or produced with cross-linking agents; such polyamides are normally insoluble in the specified solvents.

The viscosity number is determined by the general procedure specified in ISO 1628-1:2024, observing the particular conditions specified in this document.

This part of ISO 1628 specifies a method for the determination of the viscosity number (also referred to as "reduced viscosity") of dilute solutions of thermoplastic polyesters (TPs) in certain specified solvents. The method is applicable to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), poly- (cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) (PCT), and poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), as well as to copolyesters and other polyesters, referred to in ISO 20028-1:2019, that are soluble in one of the specified solvents under the specified conditions.

The viscosity number is determined by the general procedure specified in ISO 1628-1:2024, observing the particular conditions specified in this part of ISO 1628.

The determination of the viscosity number of a thermoplastic polyester provides a measure of the relative molecular mass of the polymer.

IThis part of ISO 1628 defines particular conditions for determining the reduced viscosity (also known as viscosity number) and intrinsic viscosity of polyethylenes and polypropylenes at elevated temperatures (135 °C – 160 °C) in dilute solution.

The viscosity of polymer solutions can be affected by fillers or additives present in the sample. The value of a reduced viscosity determined by this method can therefore be unreliable if the sample contains fillers or other additives.

NOTE: Reduced viscosity is also known as the Staudinger function (Jv) and intrinsic viscosity as the Staudinger index (Jg).

1.1 This document specifies conditions for the determination of the reduced viscosity (also known as viscosity number) and K-value of PVC resins. It is applicable to resins in powder form which consist of homopolymers of the monomer vinyl chloride and copolymers, terpolymers, etc., of vinyl chloride with one or more other monomers, but where vinyl chloride is the main constituent. The resins may contain small amounts of unpolymerized substances (e.g. emulsifying or suspending agents, catalyst residues, etc.) and other substances added during the course of the polymerization. This document is not applicable, however, to resins having a volatile-matter content in excess of 0,5 % ± 0,1 %, when determined in accordance with ISO 1269. In addition to this, it is not applicable to resins which are not entirely soluble in cyclohexanone.

1.2 The reduced viscosity and K-value of a particular resin are related to its molecular mass, but the relationship varies depending on the concentration and type(s) of other monomer(s) present. Hence, homopolymers and copolymers having the same reduced viscosity or K-value might not have the same molecular mass.

1.3 The values determined for reduced viscosity and K-value, for a particular sample of PVC resin, are influenced differently by the concentration of the solution chosen for the determination. Hence the use of the procedures described in this document only gives values for reduced viscosity and K-value that are comparable when the concentrations of the solutions used are identical.

1.4 Limiting viscosity number is not used for PVC resins.

1.5 The experimental procedures described in this document can also be used to characterize the polymeric fraction obtained during the chemical analysis of a PVC composition. However, the values calculated for the reduced viscosity and K-value in these circumstances might not indicate the actual values for the resin used to produce the composition because of the impure nature of the recovered polymer fraction.

This part of EN 1852 specifies definitions and requirements for solid wall pipes with smooth internal and external surfaces extruded from the same compound throughout the wall, fittings and the system of polypropylene (PP) piping systems in the field of non-pressure underground drains and sewers for wastewater. NOTE 1 Products complying with this document can also be used in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for surface water. This document is applicable to: — solid wall pipes and fittings which are intended to be used buried underground outside the building structure reflected in the marking of the products by "U", and — solid wall pipes and fittings which are intended to be used buried underground both outside (application area code “U”) and within the building structure reflected in the marking of products by "UD". This document specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. NOTE 2 Multilayer pipes with different compounds throughout the wall are covered by EN 13476 2 [1] (see also CEN ISO/TR 27165 [2]). NOTE 3 Plastics piping systems made of PP with mineral modifiers (PP-MD) are covered by EN 14758-1 [3]. This document covers a range of nominal sizes, and pipe series and gives recommendations concerning colours. NOTE 4 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selection from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes. This document is applicable to PP pipes and fittings, their joints and to joints with components of other plastics and non-plastics materials intended to be used for buried piping systems for non-pressure underground drains and sewers. Fittings can be manufactured by injection-moulding or be fabricated from pipes, fittings and/or mouldings. NOTE 5 Pipes, fittings and other components conforming to any of the plastics product standards listed in Annex C can be connected to pipes and fittings conforming to this document, when they conform to the requirements for joint dimensions given in Clause 6 and to the requirements of Table 14.