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This document provides guidance on the range of tests that could be necessary to characterize soil and

other soil materials intended to be re-used, with or without preliminary treatment. It is intended to be

of use in determining the suitability of soil materials for re-use, and the assessment of the

environmental impacts that might arise from re-use. It takes into account the different requirements of

topsoil, sub-soil and other soil materials such as sediments or treated soils. International Standard

methods are listed that might be of use for characterization.

Soil materials include natural soils and other materials (e.g. fill, Made Ground) excavated, stripped, or

otherwise removed from their original in-ground or above-ground location (e.g. stockpile), dredged

materials, manufactured soils, and soil treated to remove or destroy contaminants. For manufactured

soils, which are often made using excavated materials together with other materials such as “green

waste”, the characteristics of the components and of the manufactured product might need to be determined.

Note: The terms “excavated soil” and “excavated soil materials” are used for brevity throughout the standard

to embrace the range of materials covered.

The guidance provided is intended to cover a range of possible end uses, including:

- play areas for small children, including nursery schools, kindergartens, etc.,

- schools,

- gardens and other residential areas,

- allotments,

- horticulture,

- agriculture,

- forestry,

- recreational areas, e.g. parks, sport fields,

- restoration of damaged ecosystems,

- mining and industrial sites,

- construction sites.

It is not applicable to the placement of soil materials in an aqueous environment or to restore

underground workings. It does not address geotechnical requirements when soil materials are to be

used as construction material.

This document provides guidance on the kind and extent of soil characterisation necessary for the evaluation of human exposure to substances present in the soil that could cause adverse effects.

It does not provide guidance on:

— the design or selection of numerical models that can be used to estimate exposure;

— potential exposure to radioactivity, pathogens or asbestos in soil.

NOTE 1 Overall exposure can be to potential harmful substances (PHSs) in soil, groundwater and air. Exposure to those in soil may be direct (e.g. through inhalation, ingestion, skin contact), or indirect (through consumption of plants or animals that have taken up substances of concern).

NOTE 2 The evaluation of the possible impact on human health of potentially harmful substances is most commonly required when these are present as a result of human activity (e.g. on old industrial sites) but can sometimes be required when they are present naturally (e.g. in highly mineralised areas).

NOTE 3 Soil characterization leads to soil quality assessment. The compatibility between soil and its use has to be assessed. Tools can be used to aid this assessment such a conceptual site model (CSM) and health risk assessment.

NOTE 4 Soil characterizations are help development of an overview of population exposure. Other international standards are available that can be helpful to characterization of other media (e.g. surface and groundwater), as possible way of contamination for humans.

This document specifies a method for sampling, handling and extracting enchytraeids from terrestrial field soils as a prerequisite for using these animals as bioindicators (e.g. to assess the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms).

Basic information on the ecology of enchytraeids and their use as bioindicators in the terrestrial environment are included in the Bibliography.

This document applies to all terrestrial biotopes in which enchytraeids occur. The sampling design of field studies in general is specified in ISO 18400-101. These details can vary according to the climatic/regional conditions of the site to be sampled and an overview on the determination of effects of pollutants on enchytraeids in field situations is given in Reference[6].

Methods for some other soil organism groups such as earthworms or arthropods are specified in ISO 23611-1, ISO 23611-2, ISO 23611-4 and ISO 23611-5.

This document is not applicable for semi-terrestrial (i.e. living in or close to the pure water) soils and might be difficult to use under extreme climatic or geographical conditions (e.g. in high mountains).

When sampling soil invertebrates, it is highly recommendable to characterize the site (e.g. concerning soil properties, climate and land use). However, such a characterization is not covered by this part of ISO 23611. ISO 10390, ISO 10694, ISO 11272, ISO 11274, ISO 11277, ISO 11461 and ISO 11465 are more suitable for measuring pH, particle size distribution, C/N ratio, organic carbon content and water holding capacity.

This document specifies ergonomic principles which apply to the user requirements, design, and procurement of the physical equipment and environment which contribute to the context of use of interactive systems.

In particular, the general principles and requirements specified in this part of ISO 9241 apply to the standards specifying functional design of furniture and equipment constituting the environment.

The principles as specified in this document utilize ergonomic knowledge (from the disciplines anthropometry, acoustics, vision, thermal environments, indoor air quality, mechanical vibrations, etc.) to design and evaluate environments that enhance usability (effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction), accessibility, performance and well-being for organised and non-organised use of interactive systems.

The intended users of this document include:

— developers of systems, products and services;

— public and corporate purchasers;

— occupational health and safety professionals;

— architects and interior designers;

— human resource professionals;

— usability/ergonomics/human factors professionals.

This document specifies the procedure for testing particle filter penetration for respiratory protective devices.

This document specifies the special provisions and safety rules describing the behaviour of lifts in the event of fire in a building, on the basis of a recall signal(s) to the lift(s) control system.

This document applies to new passenger lifts and goods passenger lifts with all types of drives. However, it may be used as a basis to improve the safety of existing passenger and goods passenger lifts.

This document does not apply to:

— lifts which remain in use in the event of fire e.g. firefighters lifts as defined in EN 81-72:2015;

— lifts used for the evacuation of a building.

This document establishes the general principles for determining the fire resistance of various elements of construction when subjected to standard fire exposure conditions. Alternative and additional procedures to meet special requirements are given in EN 1363-2.

The principle that has been embodied within all European Standards relating to fire resistance testing is that where aspects and procedures of testing are common to all specific test methods e.g. the temperature/time curve, then they are specified in this test method. Where a general principle is common to many specific test methods but the details vary according to the element being tested (e.g. the measurement of unexposed face temperature), then the principle is given in this document, but the details are given in the specific test method. Where certain aspects of testing are unique to a particular specific test method (e.g. the air leakage test for fire dampers), then no details are included in this document.

The test results obtained might be directly applicable to other similar elements, or variations of the element tested. The extent to which this application is permitted depends upon the field of direct application of the test result. This is restricted by the provision of rules which limit the variation from the tested specimen without further evaluation. The rules for determining the permitted variations are given in each specific test method.

Variations outside those permitted by direct application are covered under extended application of test results. This results from an in-depth review of the design and performance of a particular product in test(s) by a recognized authority. Further consideration on direct and extended application is given in Annex A.

The duration for which the tested element, as modified by its direct or extended field of application, satisfies specific criteria will permit subsequent classification.

All values given in this document are nominal unless otherwise specified.

This part of ISO 16000 specifies the measurement methods and strategies for determining the PM2,5 mass concentrations of suspended particulate matter in indoor air. This standard can also be used for determining PM10 mass concentration.

The reference method principle consists in collecting PM2,5 on a filter after separation of the particles by an impaction head and weighing them by means of a balance.

Measurement procedure and main requirements are similar to the conditions specified in EN 12341.

This International Standard also gives procedures for operating appropriate supplementary high time resolution instruments, which can be used to highlight peak emission, room investigation and as part of the quality control of the reference method.

Quality insurance, determination of the measurement uncertainty and minimal reporting information are also part of this standard.

The lower range of application of this International Standard is 2 μg/m3 of PM2,5 (i.e. the limit of detection of the standard measurement method expressed as its uncertainty).

This International Standard does not cover the determination of bioaerosols or the chemical characterisation of particles. For the measurement and assessment of dust composition, see the relevant technical rules in the International Standards in the ISO 16000 series.

This International Standard does not cover passenger compartments of vehicles and public transport systems.

This document specifies laboratory methods for determination of the soil water-retention characteristic.

This International Standard applies only to measurements of the drying or desorption curve.

Four methods are described to cover the complete range of soil water pressures as follows:

a) method using sand, kaolin or ceramic suction tables for determination of matric pressures from 0 kPa to −50 kPa;

b) method using a porous plate and burette apparatus for determination of matric pressures from 0 kPa to −20 kPa;

c) method using a pressurized gas and a pressure plate extractor for determination of matric pressures from −5 kPa to −1 500 kPa;

d) method using a pressurized gas and pressure membrane cells for determination of matric pressures from −33 kPa to −1 500 kPa.

Guidelines are given to select the most suitable method in a particular case.

This European Standard specifies methods for the determination of the parameters pH, ammonium, AOX, As, Ba, Cd, Cl-, easily liberatable CN-, Co, Cr, Cr(VI), Cu, DOC/TOC, electrical conductivity, F-, Hg, Mo, Ni, NO2-, Pb, phenol index, total S, Sb, Se, SO42-, TDS, V and Zn in aqueous eluates for the characterization of waste.

This International Standard specifies a basic method of determining the particle size distribution applicable to a wide range of mineral soil materials, including the mineral fraction of organic soils. It also offers procedures to deal with the less common soils mentioned in the introduction. This International Standard has been developed largely for use in the field of environmental science, and its use in geotechnical investigations is something for which professional advice might be required.

A major objective of this International Standard is the determination of enough size fractions to enable the construction of a reliable particle-size-distribution curve.

This International Standard does not apply to the determination of the particle size distribution of the organic components of soil, i.e. the more or less fragile, partially decomposed, remains of plants and animals. It is also realized that the chemical pre-treatments and mechanical handling stages in this International Standard could cause disintegration of weakly cohesive particles that, from field inspection, might be regarded as primary particles, even though such primary particles could be better described as aggregates. If such disintegration is undesirable, then this International Standard is not used for the determination of the particle size distribution of such weakly cohesive materials.

This document provides guidance and, where appropriate, defines procedures for variations of certain parameters and factors associated with the design of lightweight partitions which have been tested in accordance with EN 1364-1, and classified according to EN 13501-2.

This document only applies to non-loadbearing lightweight partitions with a single steel framework, provided at both sides with a lining. The lightweight partition can be insulated or not with a mineral wool insulation.

This document does not apply to any other types of non-loadbearing walls considered in EN 1364-1.

This International Standard specifies a manual method of measurement including sampling and different analytical methods for the determination of the mass concentration of ammonia (NH3) in the waste gas of industrial plants, for example combustion plants or agricultural plants. All compounds which are volatile at the sampling temperature and produce ammonium ions upon dissociation during sampling in the absorption solution are measured by this method, which gives therefore the volatile ammonia content of the waste gas.

This International Standard specifies an independent method of measurement, which has been validated in field tests up to a NH3 concentration of approximately 65 mg/m3 at standard conditions.

NOTE 1 The plant, the conditions during field tests and the performance characteristics obtained in the field are given in Annex A.

This method of measurement can be used for intermittent monitoring of ammonia emissions as well as for the calibration and validation of permanently installed automated ammonia measuring systems.

NOTE 2 An independent method of measurement is called standard reference method (SRM) in EN 14181.

The main objective of this International Standard is to describe a mathematical model (the predicted heat strain model) for the analytical determination and interpretation of the thermal stress (in terms of water loss and core temperature) experienced by a subject in a hot environment and to determine the "maximum allowable exposure times", with which the physiological strain is acceptable for 95% of the exposed population. (the maximum tolerable core temperature and the maximum tolerable water loss are not exceeded by 95% of the exposed people).

The various terms used in this prediction model, and in particular in the heat balance, show the influence of the different physical parameters of the environment on the thermal stress experienced by the subject. In this way, this International Standard makes it possible to determine which parameter or group of parameters can be changed, and to what extent, in order to reduce the risk of physiological strains.

This International Standard does not predict the physiological response of individual subjects, but only considers standard subjects in good health and fit for the work they perform. It is therefore intended to be used by ergonomists, industrial hygienists, etc. Recommendations about how and when to use this model are given in ISO 15265, Ergonomics of the thermal environment -- Risk assessment strategy for the prevention of stress or discomfort in thermal working conditions

This International Standard describes the range of idealized values of the apparent mass modulus and phase applicable to seated individuals with and without a back support subjected to x-, y- and z-axis sinusoidal or broad-band random vibration and to standing individuals subjected to z-axis sinusoidal or broad-band random vibration under specific experimental conditions. Additionally, this Standard describes the range of idealized values of seat-to-head transmissibility modulus and phase applicable to seated individuals without a back support subjected to z-axis sinusoidal or broad-band random vibration.

The ranges of idealized values defined in this International Standard are considered to be valid for subjects on a rigid seat (or standing on a rigid platform for z-axis only), with feet supported and vibrated. Provisionally, the range of idealized seat-to-head transmissibility values is considered to be applicable also to the condition with the feet hanging freely. For seated subjects, the apparent mass values are defined over the frequency range of 0,5 Hz to 10 Hz for the x-axis and y-axis, and over the frequency range of 0,5 Hz to 20 Hz for the z-axis, subjected to sinusoidal or broad-band random vibration. The frequency and amplitude characteristics of the vibration fall within the range for which most vibration exposure is likely to predominate while driving vehicles such as agricultural tractors, earth-moving machinery and fork-lift trucks. Application to automobiles is at present not covered by this International Standard in view of the lack of a meaningful data base for conditions involving posture and vibration excitation levels most likely associated with car driving.

The upper and lower values of modulus and phase defined at each frequency for each of the biodynamic response functions considered represent the range of most probable or idealized values. The middle values represent overall weighted means of the human data, and define the target values for general applications. Such applications may involve the development of mechanical analogues for laboratory seat testing, or of functions to correct for the human interface when representing the body as a rigid mass, or the development of analytical human body models to be used for whole-body vibration exposure estimations or for seat and cushion design optimization.

This document gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary manually loaded and unloaded:

— cold presses,

— hot presses,

— bending presses,

— edge/face gluing presses,

— membrane presses,

— embossing presses,

where the pressing force is applied by hydraulic actuators pushing two flat or shaped surfaces against each other, hereinafter referred to as "machines".

It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4 relevant to machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account.

NOTE For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.

It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:

a) Device for hot gluing

b) Device for high frequency gluing

c) Device for high frequency shaping

d) Automatic work-piece loading and unloading system

e) intermediate additional platens

f) work-piece extractor

g) work-piece clamping pressure beam

h) split moveable platens.

The machines are designed to process work-pieces consisting of:

1) solid wood;

2) materials with similar characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2017, 3.2);

3) honeycomb.

This document does not deal with any hazards related to:

i) specific devices that differ from the list above;

ii) hot fluid heating systems internal to the machine other than electrical;

iii) any hot fluid heating systems external to the machine;

iv) operation of taking intermediate platens out and in again;

v) the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line).

It is not applicable to:

— frame presses;

— membrane presses where the pressing force is applied by vacuum only;

— presses for producing chipboard, fibreboard, OSB;

— machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;

— machines manufactured before the date of its publication as an international standard.

This document gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary and displaceable combined woodworking machines, having at least two separately usable working units and with manual loading and unloading of the workpiece, hereinafter referred to as "machines". The integrated working units can be only

— a sawing unit,

— a moulding unit and/or

— a planing unit.

The machines are designed to cut solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood.

NOTE 1 For the definitions of stationary and displaceable machines see ISO 19085-1:2017, 3.4 and 3.5

This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.

NOTE 2 For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.

This document does apply to machines also equipped with the devices/additional working units listed in ISO 19085-5:2017, clause 1, ISO 19085-6:2017, clause 1, and ISO/DIS 19085-7:2017, clause 1, and ISO/FDIS 19085-9:2018, clause 1.

This document does not apply to:

a) combined machines which consist only of a planing unit and a mortising unit;

NOTE 3 Such machines are dealt with in ISO/DIS 19085-7:2017.

b) combined machines incorporating a band saw unit;

c) machines with a mortising unit with a separate drive other than the planing unit drive.

d) machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;

e) machines manufactured before the date of its publication as an international standard.