Utrustning för hantering av petroleumprodukter och naturgas

This document defines a risk-based program for determining protective system requirements for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industry fired equipment including lower carbon energy. The process applies to new or existing fired equipment. For modifications to existing fired equipment that has been designed in accordance with this standard, the scope may be limited to changes. 1.1 Inclusions This document applies to: — hazards that have potential to produce harm, — engineered and administrative forms of risk reduction. NOTE 1 See Figure 1 for a graphical representation of the hierarchy of risk reduction. NOTE 2 For guidance on elimination and substitution of hazards, see ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational health and safety management systems — Requirements with guidance for use, clause 8.1.2 Eliminating hazards and reducing OH&S risk.

NOTE 3 Example of hierarchy of risk reduction related to natural draft gas-fired process fired heaters. — Elimination - eliminate the gas-fired process heater combustion risk by replacing with electric heating. — Substitution - refinery fuel gas replaced with constant calorific value natural gas, for example, from a utility pipeline. — Engineered function - install mass flow meter that compensates for composition change in refinery fuel gas.

— Administrative function – maintain low occupancy around natural draft gas fired process fired heater. 1.2 Exclusions 1.2.1 Excluded assessments This standard excludes assessment of environmental impact, business impact or loss of reputation. 1.2.2 Excluded forms of risk reduction This standard excludes risk reductions in the forms of elimination, substitution, and personal protective equipment. NOTE See Figure 1 for a graphical representation of the hierarchy of risk reduction. 1.2.3 Excluded equipment This standard excludes commercial fired equipment used for food preparation, space heating, small potable water heaters, and other non-process applications such as small heaters used in maintenance applications.

This document specifies requirements, including corrosion protection, for the design, fabrication, installation and maintenance of steel-cased pipelines for pipeline transportation systems in the petroleum and natural gas industries in accordance with ISO 13623. NOTE 1 Steel casings can be used for mechanical protection of pipelines at crossings, such as at roads and railways and the installation of a casing at a highway, railway, or other crossing can be required by the permitting agency or pipeline operator. NOTE 2 This document does not imply that utilization of casings is mandatory or necessary. NOTE 3 This document does not imply that cased crossings, whether electrically isolated or electrically shorted, contribute to corrosion of a carrier pipe within a cased crossing. However, cased crossings can adversely affect the integrity of the carrier pipe by shielding cathodic protection (CP) current to the carrier pipe or reducing the CP effectiveness on the carrier pipe in the vicinity of the casing. Their use is not recommended unless required by load considerations, unstable soil conditions, or when their use is dictated by sound engineering practices.

This document describes various corrosion under insulation (CUI) environments in refineries and other related industries and environments, and establishes CUI environmental categories including operating temperature ranges from −45 °C to 204 °C for topside and aboveground service only. This document specifies both established and other test methods for the assessment of coatings used for prevention of CUI for each given environment. This document also provides acceptance criteria for each CUI environment. NOTE The test results and acceptance criteria can be considered an aid in the selection of suitable coating systems. For service or peak temperatures below −45 °C an optional cryogenic test can be incorporated and for over 204 °C testing acceptance criteria can be agreed between interested parties. Additional or other test and acceptance measures are possible, but require particular agreement between the interested parties. This document covers spray-applied coatings applied on new carbon and austenitic stainless steel for use in CUI service. This document does not cover testing of sacrificial coatings, such as inorganic zinc, as these coatings can be consumed quickly in wet environments. Developing accelerated corrosion testing for what can be continuous wet service with sacrificial coatings is beyond the scope of this document. "Non-through porosity" thermal spray aluminium coatings with greater than 250 µm dry film thickness can be tested and qualified in accordance with this document. This document does not cover tape and sheet applied products for use in preventing CUI. This document does not deal with other aspects of coating degradation, such as those caused by abrasion, erosion, ultraviolet degradation or other methods that can exist given specific environment and construction methods.