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ISO 4266-5 gives guidance on the selection, accuracy, installation, commissioning, calibration and verification of automatic tank thermometers (ATTs) in fiscal/custody transfer applications in which the ATT is used for measuring the temperature of petroleum and liquid petroleum products having a Reid vapour pressure less than 100 kPa, stored in cargo tanks on board marine vessels.

ISO 4266-5 is not applicable to the measurement of temperature in refrigerated storage tanks, or pressurized cargo tanks on board marine vessels.

This part of ISO 4266 gives guidance on the selection, accuracy, installation, commissioning, calibration and verification of automatic tank thermometers (ATTs) in fiscal/custody transfer applications in which the ATT is used for measuring the temperature of petroleum and liquid petroleum products, stored in pressurized storage tanks. This part of ISO 4266 is not applicable to the measurement of temperature in caverns or in refrigerated storage tanks.

This document gives guidance on how to assess the feasibility of extending the service life of a pipeline system, as defined in ISO 13623, beyond its specified design life. Pump stations, compressor stations, pressure-reduction stations and depots are not specifically addressed in this document, as shown in Figure 1. This document applies to both onshore and offshore rigid metallic pipelines and risers (including SCRs). It is not directly applicable to the following: — flexible pipelines; — pipelines constructed from other materials, such as glass reinforced plastics or polymers; — umbilicals (control and / or chemical conveyance service); — topsides equipment and piping (outside of pipeline system limits defined in accordance with local regulatory requirements); — pipeline protection and support structures and components. NOTE 1 The assessment process defined in clause 5.3 can be applied in the lifetime extension assessment of the above at the discretion of the user. As an example, guidance on use of the process for lifetime extension of unbonded flexible pipe is provided in Annex A. NOTE 2 Further guidance on the lifetime extension of subsea systems, including umbilicals and topsides equipment, is provided in NORSOK U-009. NOTE 3 Although the life extension of structures and structural elements is not addressed in this standard, the continued fitness-for-service of structures having a direct impact on the structural integrity of the pipeline system shall be considered throughout any period of extended operation. This shall include assessment of the implications of structural degradation on pipeline system integrity. Further guidance can be found in NORSOK N-006. This document addresses life extension, which is a change to the original design premise. It is also applicable to other changes to the design premise, such as MAOP re-ratings or a change to the conveyed fluids, at the discretion of the user. Guidance on the latter is provided in Annex B, given the potential for extension to operating life of a pipeline system being solely dependent on a change in operating fluids (such as when considering re-use of a pipeline for CCUS or for hydrogen transportation).

This document specifies a method for the determination of the softening point of bitumen and bituminous binders in the range of 28 °C to 150 °C. The method described also applies to bituminous binders that have been recovered from bituminous mixes, e.g. by extraction according to EN 12697 3 [1]. The change from mercury thermometers to electronic temperature devices has revealed that the temperature definition in the mercury thermometer has not been precise enough to make a correct, unbiased transfer to electronic devices. Care should be taken for softening points ring and ball above 100 °C as the condition may have changed from previous practice to present days testing equipment. Below approximately 100 °C the difference in temperature readings between electronic and mercury stem thermometer is acceptable compared to the repeatability of this test method.

This document specifies a method to identify and compare the compositional characteristics of oil samples. Specifically, it describes the detailed analytical and data processing methods for identifying the characteristics of spill samples and establishing their correlation to suspected source oils. Even when samples or data from suspected sources are not available for comparison, establishing the specific nature (e.g. refined petroleum, crude oil, waste oil, etc.) of the spilled oil still helps to constrain the possible source(s). This methodology is restricted to petroleum related products containing a significant proportion of hydrocarbon-components with a boiling point above 150 °C. Examples are: crude oils, higher boiling condensates, diesel oils, residual bunker or heavy fuel oils, lubricants, and mixtures of bilge and sludge samples, as well as distillate fuels and blends. While the specific analytical methods are perhaps not appropriate for lower boiling oils (e.g. kerosene, jet fuel, or gasoline), the general concepts described in this methodology, i.e. statistical comparison of weathering-resistant diagnostic ratios, are applicable in spills involving these kinds of oils. Paraffin based products (e.g. waxes, etc.) are outside the scope of this method because too many compounds are removed during the production process [37]. However, the method can be used to identify the type of product involved. Although not directly intended for identifying oil recovered from groundwater, vegetation, wildlife/tissues, soil, or sediment matrices, they are not precluded. However, caution is needed as extractable compounds can be present in these matrices that alter and/or contribute additional compounds compared to the source sample. If unrecognized, the contribution from the matrix can lead to false “non-matches”. It is therefore advisable to analyse background sample(s) of the matrix that appear unoiled. When analysing “non-oil” matrices additional sample preparation (e.g. clean-up) is often required prior to analysis and the extent to which the matrix affects the correlation achieved is to be considered. Whether the method is applicable for a specific matrix depends upon the oil concentration compared to the “matrix concentration”. In matrices containing high concentrations of oil, a positive match can still be concluded. In matrices containing lower concentrations of oil, a false “non-match” or an “inconclusive match” can result from matrix effects. Evaluation of possible matrix effects is beyond the scope of this document.

This document specifies minimum requirements to quantify the boil-off gas (BOG) consumed on liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers for their own functions, notably for power generation, during cargo transfer operations. BOG in this document refers to the low molecular gas returned from shore tanks to ships’ tanks and the gas produced in ships’ cargo tanks. This document provides requirements for the metering of BOG and the subsequent calorific value calculations which can be taken into account when the energy transferred during cargo transfer is determined. This document also introduces performance requirements and calibration of the elements included in the BOG measurement system. A flowmeter of any type may be used to measure BOG as long as it meets the performance requirements specified in this document. This document, with some modification, can also be applied to the measurement of BOG consumed by LNG carriers at sea.

This part of ISO 15589 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the pre-installation surveys, design, materials, equipment, installation, commissioning, operation, inspection, and maintenance of cathodic protection systems for on-land pipelines. On-land pipelines are defined in ISO 13623 or EN 14161 for the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. They are also described in EN 1594, EN 12007 1 and EN 12007-3, which are used by gas supply industries in Europe. This part of ISO 15589 is applicable to on-land pipelines and piping systems used in other industries and transporting other media such as industrial gases, waters, or slurries. Throughout this document on-land pipelines means: — pipelines that are buried, — landfalls of offshore pipeline sections protected by onshore based cathodic protection installations, — immersed sections of on-land pipelines such as river or lake crossings. This part of ISO 15589 specifies requirements for pipelines of carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron, galvanized steel, and copper. If other pipeline materials are used, the protection criteria to apply shall be the responsibility of the pipeline operator. This part of ISO 15589 does not apply to pipelines made of reinforced concrete. ISO 12696 can be applied to reinforced concrete. Note Special conditions sometimes exist where cathodic protection is ineffective or only partially effective. Such conditions can include shielding (e.g. disbonded coatings, thermal-insulating coatings, rocky soil, weight saddles and non-conducting support cushions.) and unusual contaminants in the electrolyte.

 This part of ISO 13503 provides testing procedures for evaluating proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operations. NOTE Proppants mentioned henceforth in this part of ISO 13503 refer to sand, ceramic, resin-coated, gravel packing proppants, and other materials used for hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operations. This document supplements API Std 19C, 2nd edition (2018), the requirements of which are applicable with the exceptions specified in this document. The objective of this part of ISO 13503 is to provide consistent methodology for testing performed on hydraulic fracturing and/or gravel packing proppants.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the oxidation stability of fuels for diesel engines at 110 °C, by means of measuring the induction period of the fuel up to 48 h. The method is applicable to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) intended for the use as pure biofuel or as a blending component for diesel fuels, and to blends of FAME with diesel fuel containing 2 % (V/V) of FAME at minimum. The precision of the test method has been developed for conventional diesel. This test method is applicable for paraffinic diesel fuels as specified in EN 15940, however a separate precision statement for paraffinic diesel is not available. NOTE 1 EN 14112 [1] describes a similar test method for the determination of the oxidation stability of pure fatty acid methyl esters (see the Introduction to this document). Additionally, EN 16568 [3] describes a similar test method for the determination of the oxidation stability of fuels for diesel engines at 120 °C, by means of measuring the induction period of the fuel up to 20 h. This method is applicable to blends of FAME with diesel fuel containing 2 % (V/V) of FAME at minimum. Other alternative test methods for the determination of the oxidation stability of distillate fuels are described in CEN/TR 17225 [4]. NOTE 2 For induction periods higher than 48 h the precision is not covered by the precision statement of this method. The limit values of the relevant fuel standards are well within the scope of this test method. NOTE 3 The presence of cetane improver can reduce the oxidation stability determined by this test method. Limited studies with EHN (2-ethyl hexyl nitrate) indicated, however, that the stability is reduced to an extent which is within the reproducibility of the test method. NOTE 4 For the purposes of this document, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction (φ) of a material.

This revised International Standard describes a method for determining bulk density of solid biofuels with the use of a standardized measuring container. This method is applicable to all pourable solid biofuels with a nominal top size of maximum 63 mm. while the maximum particle length is 200 mm. For fuels with a nominal top size larger than 63 mm, a different method is described.

Note: The scope has been changed from the previous version

This document specifies the physical and mechanical properties of pipes made from unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) in accordance with ISO 16486-1, intended to be buried and used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods to which it refers. The ISO 16486 series of standards is applicable to PA-U piping systems, the components of which are connected by fusion jointing and/or mechanical jointing. In addition, this document lays down dimensional characteristics and requirements for the marking of pipes. Pipes conforming to this document are jointed typically by using mechanical, electrofusion or butt fusion techniques.

This document specifies the physical and mechanical properties of fittings made from unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) in accordance with ISO 16486‑1, intended to be buried and used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods to which it refers. The ISO 16486 series is applicable to PA-U piping systems, the components of which are connected by fusion jointing and/or mechanical jointing. In addition, it lays down dimensional characteristics and requirements for the marking of fittings. In conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 16486 series, this document is applicable to PA-U fittings, their joints, joints with components of PA-U and joints with mechanical fittings of other materials, and to the following fitting types: — fusion fittings (electrofusion fittings and butt fusion fittings), and — transition fittings.