Plast: allmänt

1.1 This part of ISO 75 gives a general test method for the determination of the temperature of deflection under load (flexural stress under three-point loading) of plastics. Different types of test specimen and different constant loads are defined to suit different types of material.

1.2 ISO 75-2 gives specific requirements for plastics (including filled plastics and fibre-reinforced plastics in which the fibre length, prior to processing, is up to 7,5 mm) and ebonite, while ISO 75-3 gives specific requirements for high-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastics in which the fibre length is greater than 7,5 mm.

1.3 The methods specified are suitable for assessing the relative behaviour of different types of material at elevated temperature under load at a specified rate of temperature increase. The results obtained do not necessarily represent maximum applicable temperatures because in practice essential factors, such as time, loading conditions and nominal surface stress, can differ from the test conditions. True comparability of data can only be achieved for materials having the same room-temperature flexural modulus.

This document specifies the determination of total luminous transmittance and total luminous reflectance on clear, translucent or opaque plastics. Specimen shapes include moulded plaque or discs, films and sheets.

Fluorescent plastics and chromatic colour plastics are not covered by this standard.

NOTE The scope of ISO 13468-1 shows that ISO 13468-1 covers planar transparent and substantially colourless plastics. The method in this standard provide the way to trap diffused light and covers to measure translucent and opaque plastics.

This document specifies a calculation method for the determination of the biobased carbon content in monomers, polymers, and plastic materials and products, based on the 14C content measurement.

This document is applicable to plastic products and plastic materials (e.g. plasticisers or modifiers), polymer resins, monomers, or additives, which are made from biobased or fossil-based constituents.

Knowing the biobased content of plastic products is useful when evaluating their environmental impact.

This document specifies test methods for the determination of the degree of disintegration of biodegradable plastic materials exposed to marine habitats under real field conditions and the declaration of test results.

The marine areas under investigation are the sandy sublittoral and the sandy eulittoral zone where plastic materials may either be placed intentionally (e.g. biodegradable fishing nets) or end up as litter due to irresponsible human behaviour. This depends on their physical characteristics, form and size of the materials, and on water currents and tidal movements.

This document specifies the general requirements of the apparatus, and the procedures for using the test methods described.

The determination of the level of disintegration of plastic materials exposed to pelagic zones as the sea surface or the water column above the seafloor are not within the scope of this document.

This document is not suitable for the assessment of disintegration caused by heat or light exposure.

The described field test is a disintegration test and not a biodegradation test. Therefore, it cannot be used for demonstrating biodegradation or for making unqualified claims such as "biodegradable in marine environment" and similar.