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1.1 Scope of EN 1993 4 1 (1) prEN 1993 4 1 provides rules for the structural design of steel silos of circular or rectangular plan-form, being free-standing (on ground) or supported on a structural framework (elevated). (2) prEN 1993 4 1 is applicable to silos constructed from isotropic rolled plates that are stiffened or unstiffened, from corrugated sheeting that is stiffened or unstiffened and from flat or corrugated plates assembled into box structures of different geometries. It applies to vertical walls, hoppers, roof structures, transition junctions and support structures. (3) prEN 1993 4 1 does not apply to storage vessels for silage and haylage, or to the storage of materials that are not free-flowing (see EN 1991 4). This Part 4-1 also does not cover: - resistance to fire; - cylindrical silos with internal subdivisions; - internal structures within a single silo (except for internal ties, as defined in 12.5); - silos with capacity less than 100 kN (10 tonnes); - hoppers that are supported on a structural framework; - cases where special measures are necessary to limit the consequences of accidents. (4) This document is applicable to silos within the following dimensional limits (see EN 1991-4): - Silo aspect ratio hb/dc < 10 - Silo total height hb < 70 m - Silo equivalent diameter dc < 60 m NOTE These dimensional limitations are more limited than those of EN 1991-4 which also applies to silos constructed from other materials. (5) Where this standard applies to circular planform silos, the geometric form is restricted to axisymmetric structures, but unsymmetrical actions on them and supports that induce forces in the silo structure that are not axisymmetric are included. (6) This part is concerned only with the requirements for resistance and stability of steel silos. For other requirements (such as operational safety, functional performance, fabrication and erection, quality control, details like man-holes, flanges, filling devices, outlet gates and feeders, etc.), see other relevant standards and information. (7) This part is concerned with both isolated silo structures and silos that are connected to others to form a battery of silos, but throughout this document the term silo refers to a single cell within a battery. (8) Provisions relating to special requirements of seismic design are provided in EN 1998 4, which complements or adapts the provisions of Eurocode 3 specifically for this purpose. (9) The structural design of supporting structures for the silo are dealt with in EN 1993 1 1. The supporting structure is deemed to consist of all structural elements beneath the bottom flange of the lowest ring of the silo (see Figure 1.1), though information on some forms of support structure is given in Clause 8 of this document. (10) Foundations in reinforced concrete for steel silos are dealt with in EN 1992 (all parts) and EN 1997 (all parts). 1.2 Assumptions (1) Unless specifically stated, the provisions of EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts) and EN 1993 1 (all parts) apply. (2) The design methods given in EN 1993 4 1 are applicable if: - the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090 2, and - the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of EN 1993 (all parts), or in the relevant material and product specifications. Figure 1.1 - Terminology used in silo structures ...

1.1 Scope of prEN 1993-6 (1) EN 1993-6 provides rules for structural design of crane supporting structures. (2) EN 1993-6 is applicable to crane supporting structures, especially to indoor and outdoor overhead crane runway beams, of: a) overhead travelling cranes, either: - top-mounted cranes; - underslung cranes; b) monorail hoist blocks. NOTE The principles of the design rules can be applied to supporting structures of other types of cranes making due allowance for differences in the crane-induced actions, if exist. For example, the design rules for supporting structures of the cranes listed in (2) assume that the horizontal crane loads occur randomly scattered along the runways in general. This assumption does not apply to other cranes such as travelling wall jib cranes. (3) EN 1993-6 does not apply to the tracks and suspensions of light crane systems conforming with EN 16851, see Figure 1.1. NOTE The standardized tracks and suspensions of light crane systems are considered as parts of the crane. Figure 1.1 - Light crane system (4) Additional rules are given for ancillary runway items including crane rails, structural end stops, surge connectors and surge girders and for runway supporting structures. (5) EN 1993 6 does not apply to cranes and all other moving parts. NOTE Provisions for cranes are given in EN 13001 series. 1.2 Assumptions (1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 and the EN 1993-1 series apply. (2) The design methods given in EN 1993-6 are applicable if - the execution quality and tolerances are as specified in EN 1090-2, and; - the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of EN 1993, or in the relevant material and product specifications. (3) Following interfaces between hoisting device and its supporting structure are assumed: a) the top of crane rail for top-mounted cranes; b) the top of flange on which the crane or hoist block operates for underslung cranes and monorail hoist blocks; c) the support points as shown in Figure 1.1 for light crane systems.

(1) This document provides rules for structural design of towers, masts and chimney structures, that fall into any of the following classifications, with the exceptions given in (3), (4) and (5). (2) This document is applicable to: a) self-supporting towers and guyed masts with or without attachments. The shafts of towers and masts can be of lattice type or of circular or polygonal cross-section. b) chimney structures of circular cross-section that are cantilevered, supported at intermediate levels or guyed. NOTE 1 The structures are mainly exposed to wind loading. NOTE 2 For overhead transmission line towers see also the EN 50341 series. (3) This document does not apply to: a) polygonal and circular lighting columns covered by the EN 40 series; NOTE The EN 40 series specifies the requirements and dimensions for lighting columns and it applies to post top columns not exceeding 20 m height and to post top lanterns and columns with brackets not exceeding 18 m height for side entry lanterns. b) wind turbine towers (see the EN 61400 series) c) overhead line towers covered by the EN 50341 series. (4) This document does not cover special provisions for seismic design, which are given in the EN 1998 series. (5) Special measures that might be necessary to limit the consequences of accidents are not covered in this document. For resistance to fire, see EN 1993-1-2. (6) Provisions for the guys of guyed structures are given in EN 1993-1-11 and supplemented in this document. (7) For provisions concerning aspects such as chemical attack, thermo-dynamical performance or thermal insulation of chimneys see EN 13084 1. For the design of liners see EN 13084-6. NOTE 1 Foundations are covered in the EN 1997 series. See also EN 13084-1. NOTE 2 Wind loads and procedures for the wind response of structures are specified in EN 1991-1-4. Assumptions (1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (relevant parts) and EN 1993-1 (relevant parts) apply. (2) The design methods given in this document are applicable if - the execution quality is as specified in Annex E and EN 1090-2 and for the execution of chimneys, also in EN 13084-6, and - the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of the EN 1993 series or, for materials other than steel, in the relevant material and product specifications. NOTE Execution is covered in this document to the extent that is necessary to indicate the quality of the construction materials and products and the standard of workmanship on site needed to comply with the assumptions of the design rules.

This document is the terminology part of a series for the “Prevention of crime by urban planning and building design”. For some specific terms used in the other parts of the EN 14383-series, it provides equivalent terms in three languages, as well as definitions. This document uses the crime type definitions of the ICCS, see 1 2 (including the coding in numbers). In your national context you may prefer national definitions. 1 The International Classification of Crime for Statistical Purposes, UN 2015 and EU 2017 [4]; see in CEN/TS 14383-2:2022, Annex A 2 See https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/statistics/ICCS/Korea_Module_1_ICCS_presentation.pdf

This document specifies the requirements for the installation and commissioning of water-based heating, water-based cooling, and heating of domestic hot water (DHW) systems in buildings with a maximum operating temperature of 105 °C. This document does not cover superheated water systems and steam systems. This document covers the commissioning of the system as a whole, in case of new systems, renovations, replacement of equipment. It does not cover the specific commissioning requirements for these components (e.g. how to set fuel/air ratio on a burner). This document does not cover the installation or commissioning of attached systems (e.g. air conditioning, domestic hot water distribution, ventilation systems). This document covers only the technical requirements and does not cover any commercial or contractual arrangements between parties.

This document specifies a method for determining the dimensional stability (i.e. the shrinkage and swelling) of cementitious screed, calcium sulphate screed, magnesite screed and synthetic resin screed materials made in accordance with EN 13892-1.

This document specifies the characteristics and the requirements of air gap with injector Family A, Type D for nominal flow velocity not exceeding 3 m/s. Air gaps are devices for protection of potable water in water installations from pollution by backflow. This document applies to air gaps in factory-assembled products and to constructed air gaps in situ and defines requirements and methods to verify and ensure compliance with this document during normal working use. The fluid in the receiving vessel is assumed to have similar properties to the water supply. Where this is not the case, additional care or tests may be required to verify the efficacy of the solution in practical use. The AD device is intended to be used in potable water installations according to EN 806 (all parts).

Detta dokument har följande omfattning:

a) riktlinjer och vägledning för att säkerställa korrekt planering och skydd av träd vid arbeten samt främja träds överlevnad och kondition.

b) utformning av trädskyddsåtgärder, bedömning, planering och åtgärder för att minska negativ inverkan på träd som direkt eller indirekt berörs av arbeten.

c) rekommendationer för att undvika eller minimera skador på trädens rötter, stammar och kronor under byggaktiviteter och andra arbeten.

d) definitioner av relevanta termer och begrepp som används inom området arbeten vid träd.